Abaphandi abavela kwiIYunivesithi yobuGcisa yaseMunich(TUM) kunyeIYunivesithi yaseRWTH AacheneJamani baye bathelekisa ukusebenza kombane we-high-energy sodium-ion battery (SIBs) kwi-state-of-the-art ye-high-energy high-energy lithium-ion battery (LIBs) kunye ne-lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) cathode.

Iqela lifumene ukuba i-state-of-charge kunye nokushisa kunempembelelo ephezulu kwi-pulse resistance and impedance ye-SIBs kune-LIBs, enokuthi ibe nefuthe ekukhethweni koyilo kwaye iphakamisa ukuba ii-SIB zinokufuna ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwentlawulo ukuze kulungiswe ukusebenza kakuhle, ngakumbi kumanqanaba aphantsi entlawulo.

• Ukucacisa ngakumbi ukuxhathisa kwe-pulse: eli gama libhekisa kubungakanani bamandla ombane ebhetri ehlayo xa kusetyenziswa imfuno yombane ngequbuliso. Ngoko ke, uphando lubonisa ukuba iibhetri ze-sodium-ion zichaphazeleka ngakumbi kwinqanaba lentlawulo kunye nokushisa kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Uphando:

"Iibhetri ze-sodium-ion [ii-SIBs] zibonwa njengendawo yokulahla ii-LIBs," zatsho izazinzulu. "Nangona kunjalo, ukungafani kwindlela yokuziphatha ye-electrochemical ye-sodium kunye ne-lithium idinga ukulungiswa kuzo zombini i-anode kunye ne-cathode. Nangona iibhetri ze-lithium-ion [LIBs] ngokuqhelekileyo i-graphite isetyenziselwa izinto ze-anode, i-SIBs i-hard carbon okwangoku ibonwa njengeyona nto ithembisayo kwii-SIBs."

Baphinde bachaza ukuba umsebenzi wabo wawunenjongo yokuzalisa i-gap kuphando, njengoko kusekho ukungabikho kolwazi malunga nokuziphatha kombane kwe-SIBs ngokubhekiselele kumaqondo okushisa ahlukeneyo kunye ne-state-of-charges (SOCs).

Iqela lophando lenze, ngokukodwa, imilinganiselo yokusebenza kombane kumaqondo obushushu ukusuka kwi-10 degrees C ukuya kwi-45 degrees C kunye nemilinganiselo ye-voltage ye-open-circuit yeseli epheleleyo kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo kunye nemilinganiselo yesiqingatha seeseli ezihambelanayo kwi-25 C.

"Ngaphezu koko, siye saphanda impembelelo yeqondo lokushisa kunye ne-SOC kuzo zombini ukuchasana ngokuthe ngqo ngoku (R DC) kunye ne-galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (GEIS)," icacisile. "Ukuvavanya umthamo osebenzisekayo, amandla asebenzisekayo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla phantsi kweemeko eziguquguqukayo, senze uvavanyo lokukwazi ukusebenza ngokufaka amaxabiso omthwalo ahlukeneyo kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo."

Abaphandi balinganisa ibhetri ye-lithium-ion, ibhetri ye-sodium-ion kunye ne-nickel-manganese-iron cathode, kunye nebhetri ye-lithium-ion kunye ne-LFP cathode. Bobathathu babonise i-voltage hysteresis, okuthetha ukuba amandla abo ombane avulekileyo ahluka phakathi kokutshaja nokukhupha.

"Into enomdla kukuba, kwii-SIBs, i-hysteresis iyenzeka ngokuyintloko kwii-SOCs eziphantsi, oko kukuthi, ngokwemilinganiselo yeeseli zesiqingatha, mhlawumbi ngenxa ye-carbon anode enzima," izifundiswa zagxininisa. "I-R DC kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-LIB kubonisa ukuxhomekeka okuncinci kakhulu kwi-SOC. Ngokuchaseneyo, kwii-SIBs, i-R DC kunye ne-impedance yonyuka kakhulu kwii-SOCs ngaphantsi kwe-30%, ngelixa ii-SOC eziphezulu zineempembelelo ezichaseneyo kwaye zikhokelela ekunciphiseni i-R DC kunye nexabiso lokuphazamiseka."

Ngaphezu koko, baye baqinisekisa ukuba ukuxhomekeka kobushushu be-R_DC kunye ne-impedance kuphezulu kwii-SIBs kune-LIBs. "Uvavanyo lwe-LIB alubonisi impembelelo ebalulekileyo ye-SOC ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokujikeleza. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili kwi-SIBs ukusuka kwi-50% ukuya kwi-100% ye-SOC kunokunciphisa ilahleko esebenzayo ngaphezu kwesiqingatha xa kuthelekiswa nokuhamba ngebhayisikili ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-50%," bachaza ngakumbi, beqaphela ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-SIBs kukhula kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa noluhlu lwe-SOC oluphezulu xa kuthelekiswa noluhlu oluphezulu lwe-SOC.