Abaphandi abavela kwi-IYunivesithi yoBugcisa yaseMunich(TUM) kunyeIYunivesithi yase-RWTH AacheneJamani baye bathelekisa ukusebenza kombane kweebhetri ze-sodium-ion ezinamandla aphezulu (ii-SIB) kunye nokusebenza kombane kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezinamandla aphezulu (ii-LIB) zanamhlanje ezine-lithium-iron-phosphate (i-LFP) cathode.

Iqela lifumanise ukuba imeko yetshaja kunye nobushushu zinempembelelo ephezulu kukumelana kwe-pulse kunye ne-impedance yee-SIB kunee-LIB, ezinokuthi zichaphazele ukhetho loyilo kwaye zibonisa ukuba ii-SIB zinokufuna iinkqubo zolawulo lobushushu kunye netshaja ezintsonkothileyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza, ingakumbi kumanqanaba aphantsi etshaja.

• Ukuchaza ngakumbi ukumelana nokubetha kwentliziyo: eli gama libhekisa ekubeni i-voltage yebhetri yehla kangakanani xa kusetyenziswa imfuno yamandla ngequbuliso. Ke ngoko, uphando lubonisa ukuba iibhetri ze-sodium-ion zichaphazeleka kakhulu linqanaba lokutshaja kunye nobushushu kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Uphando:

“Iibhetri zeSodium-ion [SIBs] zihlala zibonwa njengendawo yokungena endaweni yeeLIBs,” batsho oososayensi. “Nangona kunjalo, umahluko kwindlela esebenza ngayo i-electrochemical yesodium kunye ne-lithium ufuna uhlengahlengiso kwi-anode nakwi-cathode. Ngelixa kwiibhetri zeLithium-ion [LIBs] zihlala zisetyenziswa njenge-anode, kwi-SIBs i-hard carbon ngoku ibonwa njengeyona nto ithembisayo kwi-SIBs.”

Bakwachaze nokuba umsebenzi wabo wawujoliswe ekuzaliseni isithuba kuphando, njengoko kusekho ukunqongophala kolwazi malunga nokuziphatha kombane kwee-SIB ngokubhekiselele kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zentlawulo (ii-SOC).

Iqela lophando lenze, ngokukodwa, imilinganiselo yokusebenza kombane kumaqondo obushushu aqala kwi-10 degrees C ukuya kwi-45 degrees C kunye nemilinganiselo ye-open-circuit voltage ye-full-cell kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo kunye nemilinganiselo yesiqingatha seseli yeeseli ezifanelekileyo kwi-25 degrees C.

“Ngaphezu koko, siphande impembelelo yobushushu kunye ne-SOC kokubini ukumelana nombane ngqo (R DC) kunye ne-galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (GEIS),” icacisile. “Ukuze sihlolisise amandla asebenzisekayo, amandla asebenzisekayo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla phantsi kweemeko ezitshintshayo, senze uvavanyo lwamandla okulinganisa ngokusebenzisa amazinga omthwalo ahlukeneyo kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo.”

Abaphandi balinganise ibhetri ye-lithium-ion, ibhetri ye-sodium-ion ene-nickel-manganese-iron cathode, kunye nebhetri ye-lithium-ion ene-LFP cathode. Zonke ezintathu zibonise i-voltage hysteresis, oko kuthetha ukuba i-open-circuit voltage yazo yahlukile phakathi kokutshaja nokukhupha.

“Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, kwii-SIB, i-hysteresis yenzeka ikakhulu kwii-SOC eziphantsi, nto leyo, ngokwemilinganiselo yesiqingatha seseli, mhlawumbi ngenxa ye-hard carbon anode,” kugxininise iingcali. “I-R DC kunye ne-impedance ye-LIB zibonisa ukuxhomekeka okuncinci kakhulu kwi-SOC. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwii-SIB, i-R DC kunye ne-impedance zinyuka kakhulu kwii-SOC ezingaphantsi kwama-30%, ngelixa ii-SOC eziphezulu zinefuthe elichaseneyo kwaye zikhokelela kwi-R DC ephantsi kunye namaxabiso e-impedance.”

Ngaphezu koko, bafumanise ukuba ukuxhomekeka kobushushu be-R_DC kunye ne-impedance kuphezulu kwi-SIBs kune-LIBs. “Uvavanyo lwe-LIB alubonisi mpembelelo ibalulekileyo ye-SOC ekusebenzeni kakuhle kohambo oluya nokubuya. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuqhuba i-SIBs ukusuka kwi-50% ukuya kwi-100% ye-SOC kunokunciphisa ilahleko yokusebenza kakuhle ngaphezu kwesiqingatha xa kuthelekiswa nokuhamba ngebhayisekile ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-50%,” bacacisa ngakumbi, bephawula ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-SIBs kukhula kakhulu xa ukuqhuba i-cells kuluhlu oluphezulu lwe-SOC xa kuthelekiswa noluhlu oluphantsi lwe-SOC.