Abacwaningi abavela ku-IYunivesithi Yobuchwepheshe yaseMunich(TUM) kanyeIYunivesithi yase-RWTH AacheneJalimane baqhathanise ukusebenza kukagesi kwamabhethri e-sodium-ion anamandla aphezulu (ama-SIB) nalokho kwebhethri le-lithium-ion elinamandla aphezulu (ama-LIB) elisezingeni eliphezulu eline-cathode ye-lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP).

Ithimba lithole ukuthi isimo sokushaja kanye nokushisa kunethonya eliphakeme ekumelaneni kwe-pulse kanye nokuvinjelwa kwama-SIB kune-LIB, okungase kuthonye ukukhetha kokuklama futhi kusikisela ukuthi ama-SIB angadinga izinhlelo zokuphatha izinga lokushisa kanye nokushaja eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushaja aphansi.

• Ukuze sichaze kabanzi ukumelana nokushaya kwenhliziyo: leli gama libhekisela ekutheni i-voltage yebhethri yehla kangakanani lapho kusetshenziswa isidingo samandla ngokuzumayo. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amabhethri e-sodium-ion athintwa kakhulu yizinga lokushaja kanye nokushisa kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion.

Ucwaningo:

“Amabhethri e-sodium-ion [ama-SIB] ngokuvamile abhekwa njengokufaka esikhundleni sama-LIB,” kusho ososayensi. “Noma kunjalo, umehluko ekuziphatheni kwe-electrochemical kwe-sodium ne-lithium udinga ukuguquguquka kokubili ku-anode kanye ne-cathode. Ngenkathi kumabhethri e-lithium-ion [ama-LIB] ngokuvamile i-graphite isetshenziswa njengezinto ze-anode, kuma-SIB i-hard carbon okwamanje ibhekwa njengezinto ezithembisayo kakhulu kuma-SIB.”

Bachaze nokuthi umsebenzi wabo wawuhloselwe ukugcwalisa igebe ocwaningweni, njengoba kusekhona ukuntuleka kolwazi mayelana nokuziphatha kukagesi kwama-SIB maqondana namazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye nesimo sezimali (ama-SOC).

Ithimba locwaningo lenze, ikakhulukazi, izilinganiso zokusebenza kukagesi emazingeni okushisa asukela ku-10 degrees C kuya ku-45 degrees C kanye nezilinganiso ze-voltage ye-open-circuit yeseli eligcwele emazingeni okushisa ahlukene kanye nezilinganiso zeseli eliyingxenye yamaseli ahambisanayo ku-25 degrees C.

“Ngaphezu kwalokho, sihlole ithonya lokushisa kanye ne-SOC kokubili ukumelana kwamanje okuqondile (R DC) kanye ne-galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (GEIS),” kusho i-Index. “Ukuze sihlole amandla asebenzisekayo, amandla asebenzisekayo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla ngaphansi kwezimo eziguquguqukayo, senze izivivinyo zamandla okukala ngokusebenzisa amazinga ahlukene omthwalo emazingeni okushisa ahlukene.”

Abacwaningi balinganise ibhethri le-lithium-ion, ibhethri le-sodium-ion eline-cathode ye-nickel-manganese-iron, kanye nebhethri le-lithium-ion eline-cathode ye-LFP. Bonke abathathu babonise i-voltage hysteresis, okusho ukuthi i-voltage yabo ye-open-circuit yayihlukile phakathi kokushaja nokukhipha.

“Okuthakazelisayo ukuthi kuma-SIB, i-hysteresis yenzeka kakhulu kuma-SOC aphansi, okuwukuthi, ngokwezilinganiso zesigamu-seli, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa ye-anode yekhabhoni eqinile,” kugcizelela izifundiswa. “I-R DC kanye ne-impedance ye-LIB kubonisa ukuncika okuncane kakhulu kwi-SOC. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kuma-SIB, i-R DC kanye ne-impedance kukhuphuka kakhulu kuma-SOC ngaphansi kwama-30%, kuyilapho ama-SOC aphezulu enomphumela ophambene futhi kuholela emazingeni aphansi e-R DC kanye ne-impedance.”

Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqinisekise ukuthi ukuncika kokushisa kwe-R_DC kanye ne-impedance kuphakeme kuma-SIB kune-LIB. “Ukuhlolwa kwe-LIB akubonisi ithonya elikhulu le-SOC ekusebenzeni kahle kohambo oluya nokubuya. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukugibela ama-SIB kusuka ku-50% kuya ku-100% we-SOC kunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokusebenza kahle ngaphezu kwesigamu uma kuqhathaniswa nokugibela amabhayisikili kusuka ku-0% kuya ku-50%,” baqhubeka bechaza, bephawula ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwama-SIB kukhula kakhulu lapho kugibela amaseli ebangeni eliphezulu le-SOC uma kuqhathaniswa nobubanzi be-SOC obuphansi.