Ib txoj kev sib tshuam hauv txoj kev rau kev khaws cia lub zog

Peb tab tom pib siv rau cov xyoo uas khaws cia hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws, thiab xyoo 2024 kuj tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Lub chaw tsim khoom Tesla tau siv 31.4 GWh, nce 213% los ntawm xyoo 2023, thiab lub tuam txhab muab kev txawj ntse hauv kev lag luam Bloomberg New Energy Finance tau tsa nws qhov kev kwv yees ob zaug, xaus rau xyoo ntawd kwv yees tias yuav luag 2.4 TWh ntawm kev khaws cia roj teeb los ntawm xyoo 2030. Qhov ntawd yuav yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.

Cov kev tawm tswv yim zoo thiab kev loj hlob sai heev yeej nyuaj rau kwv yees. Tib neeg tsis tau teeb tsa zoo los ua cov exponents. Xyoo 2019, pumped hydro storage (PHS) tau muab 90% ntawm lub zog cia thoob ntiaj teb (ntsuas hauv gigawatts), tab sis cov roj teeb tau teem caij kom dhau qhov ntawd hauv xyoo 2025 thiab nws lub peev xwm cia hluav taws xob, hauv gigawatt-teev, txog xyoo 2030.

Cov roj teeb yog ib yam thev naus laus zis, tsis yog roj, thiab ua raws li tus nqi "kev kawm" txo qis zoo li cov khoom siv semiconductor ntawm cov khoom siv hnub ci dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj. Cov nqi roj teeb tau poob txog 29% rau txhua ob npaug ntawm qhov loj ntawm kev ua lag luam hauv xyoo tas los no, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm RMI lub koom haum xav.

Ib tiam tshiab ntawm "3xx Ah" lithium ferro-phosphate (LFP) cells - 305Ah, 306Ah, 314Ah, 320Ah - tau pib tsim khoom, muab lub zog ceev dua thiab cov nqi qis dua li 280Ah cells. Lawv xav tau kev hloov kho dua tshiab tsawg kawg nkaus vim muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws.

Kev thov tsheb fais fab (EV) qeeb dua li qhov xav tau ua rau muaj kev muab khoom ntau dhau, ua rau cov nqi roj teeb raw khoom poob qis thiab ua rau muaj kev sib tw nqi hnyav. Xyoo 2024, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm lub zog khaws cia (ESS) poob qis 40% mus rau $ 165 / kWh, qhov kev poob qis tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov nqi hauv Suav teb qis dua, vim tias 16 GWh PowerChina kev sib tw pom cov nqi ESS nruab nrab.$66.3/kWh thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2024.

Kev dhia ntev ntev

Cov nqi hluav taws xob poob qis ua rau cov txheej txheem khaws cia hluav taws xob ntev dua tsis sib npaug. Cov haujlwm no, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kim dua, tab tom ua haujlwm tau sai dua li qhov xav tau, yog li cov chaw uas khaws cia ntev dua tab tom "dhia" cov roj teeb ib mus rau ob teev rau kev tswj qhov zaus ntawm lub grid thiab hloov pauv load hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Australia.

Piv txwv li, Saudi Arabia's Red Sea Project, tam sim no muaj "lub microgrid loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb" - lub hnub ci 400 MW thiab lub roj teeb cia hluav taws xob 225 MW / 1.3 GWh (BESS).

Saudi Arabia muaj 33.5 GWh ntawm cov roj teeb uas siv tau, tab tom tsim kho, lossis tau muab - txhua yam muaj lub sijhawm khaws cia plaub txog tsib teev - thiab ntxiv 34 GWh npaj tseg raws li nws lub tswv yim zog Vision 2030. Qhov ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau Saudi Arabia yog ib lub lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm xyoo 2026. Cov kev hloov pauv zoo sib xws yuav tshwm sim thoob plaws Middle East thiab North Africa (MENA) lub hnub ci, txij li Morocco mus rau United Arab Emirates, tso thaj av ua tus xa tawm hluav taws xob huv thiab txhua yam feem ntau nyob hauv qab radar ntawm cov neeg kwv yees, ua tsaug rau qhov ceev ntawm kev txhim kho.

Hauv zos thiab thoob ntiaj teb

Txawm hais tias muaj kev cia siab zoo los xij, cov saw hlau muab roj teeb tseem yog Tuam Tshoj tswj hwm. Kev sim los txhawb nqa cov saw hlau muab khoom hauv cheeb tsam feem ntau tau tawm tsam kom sib tw. Kev tawg ntawm Britishvolt hauv tebchaws United Kingdom thiab kev foob tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntawm Northvolt hauv European Union ua piv txwv meej. Qhov ntawd tsis tau tso tseg kev siv zog ntawm cov saw hlau muab roj teeb thaum lub ntiaj teb tiv thaiv ntau dua.

Txoj Cai Lij Choj Txo Nqi Khoom Siv Hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau txhawb kom muaj kev tsim khoom hauv zos BESS thiab cov se xa khoom tuaj rau Suav teb uas lub hom phiaj yog los tsim cov haujlwm thiab txo kev vam khom rau cov khoom xa tuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev ntsuas no yuav ua rau kev siv cov chaw khaws cia hluav taws xob thiab EVs qeeb dua vim tias cov nqi qis dua.

Tuam Tshoj tau ua pauj los ntawm kev sib cav sib cegib txoj kev npajtxwv tsis pub xa tawm cov khoom siv cathode thiab anode nrog rau lithium extraction thiab refinement technology. Txawm hais tias ESS thiab battery cell manufacturing yog nyob hauv zos, cov khoom siv raw tseem yuav nyob hauv Suav teb, ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau ntxiv.

Xyoo 2025, kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev khaws cia hluav taws xob yuav faib ua ob. Cov kev lag luam tiv thaiv xws li Tebchaws Meskas, Is Nrias teb, thiab MENA yuav muab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov saw hlau hauv zos rau kev tsim haujlwm thaum Lub Ntiaj Teb Sab Qab Teb yuav tsom mus rau kev xa khoom tsis them se, los tsav kev pheej yig thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam.

Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawd rov hais dua cov kev sib cav txog kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb xws li Cov Cai Lij Choj Pob Kws ntawm xyoo 1800. Lub chaw khaws cia hluav taws xob ntsib kev kub ntxhov zoo sib xws ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab uas tsav los ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis sib luag ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev hloov chaw ua haujlwm.

Txoj kev mus tom ntej

Yog li ntawd, xyoo 2025 yuav yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam khaws cia hluav taws xob. Thaum kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab cov nqi poob qis ua rau kev siv sai dua thiab coj mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm kev khaws cia ntev dua, nrog rau qhov ua tau ntawm 100%-renewable grid, cov lag luam tau npaj siab los txhais lawv cov toj roob hauv pes zog dua. Kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb rau kev tswj hwm cov khoom xa tuaj qhia txog tias kev khaws cia hluav taws xob tsis yog tsuas yog thev naus laus zis txhawb nqa xwb, tab sis yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob.

Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov saw hlau thoob ntiaj teb, uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov cai tiv thaiv kev lag luam, ua rau muaj cov lus nug tseem ceeb txog kev sib luag ntawm lub zog thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. Puas yog kev thawb rau kev tsim khoom hauv zos yuav tsav kev ywj pheej lossis nws puas yuav qeeb qeeb kev vam meej hauv kev lag luam uas vam khom kev xa khoom pheej yig thiab tsuas yog hloov "qhov chaw choke" mus rau sab saud?

Thaum taug kev cov kev hloov pauv no, lub chaw khaws cia hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua ntau dua li kev lag luam fais fab - nws tuaj yeem teeb tsa tus qauv rau kev lag luam tuaj yeem sib npaug kev sib tw, kev koom tes, thiab kev ruaj khov thaum ntsib cov teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kev txiav txim siab ua hnub no yuav cuam tshuam zoo dhau xyoo 2025, tsis yog tsuas yog tsim kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob xwb, tab sis kuj yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam hauv zej zog ntawm ntau xyoo tom ntej.