He Ahumahi Pūngao Hou: I Whakawhanakehia e ngā Kairangahau he Huarahi Hou hei Rokiroki i te Pūngao Whakahou

I ngā tau tata nei, kua piki haere te rongonui o te pūngao whakahou hei whakakapi i ngā hinu pūmua tuku iho. Heoi, ko tētahi o ngā wero nui e pā ana ki te umanga pūngao whakahou ko te kimi huarahi hei penapena i te pūngao nui i puta mai i ngā puna whakahou pērā i te hau me te hiko o te rā. Engari ināianei, kua kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao tētahi kitenga hou ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā mea katoa.

Kua whakawhanakehia e ngā kairangahau o Te Whare Wānanga o California, Berkeley tētahi huarahi hou hei penapena i te pūngao hou ka taea te huri i te umanga. Ko te putanga hou ko te whakamahinga o tētahi momo ngota e kiia nei ko te "photoswitch," ka taea te mimiti i te rā me te penapena i tōna pūngao kia hiahiatia rā anō.

E rua ngā wāhanga o ngā ngota whakawhiti whakaahua: he wāhanga mimiti mārama, he wāhanga rokiroki. Ina pāngia e te rā, ka mimitihia e ngā ngota te pūngao, ā, ka rongoatia ki tētahi āhua pumau. Ina hiahiatia te pūngao kua rongoatia, ka taea te whakaoho i ngā ngota ki te tuku i te pūngao i te āhua o te wera, o te mārama rānei.

He nui rawa ngā tono pea mō tēnei putanga hou. Hei tauira, ka taea e ia te whakamahi pai ake i ngā pūtake pūngao hou pēnei i te hiko o te rā me te hau, ahakoa kāore te rā e whiti ana, kāore rānei te hau e pupuhi ana. Ka taea hoki e ia te penapena i te pūngao nui i puta i ngā wā iti te tono, kātahi ka tukuna i ngā wā tino tono, ka whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā tipu hiko wahie pūmua utu nui, kino hoki ki te taiao.

Kei te harikoa ngā kairangahau o muri i tēnei putanga hou mō tōna pānga pea ki te umanga pūngao. "Tērā pea ka huri te kēmu i tēnei," te kī a tētahi o ngā kairangahau matua, a Ahorangi Omar Yaghi. "Tērā pea ka nui ake te whai hua me te whai hua o te pūngao whakahou, ā, ka āwhina i a tātou ki te neke whakamua ki tētahi heke mai pumau ake."

He pono, he nui tonu ngā mahi hei mahi i mua i te whakatinanatanga whānui o tēnei hangarau. Kei te mahi ngā kairangahau i tēnei wā ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā ngota photoswitch, me te kimi huarahi hei whakanui ake i te whakaputanga. Engari ki te angitu, tera pea he huringa nui tēnei i roto i te pakanga ki te huringa āhuarangi me tō tātou nekehanga ki tētahi heke mai ma, pumau ake.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te whanaketanga o ngā ngota photoswitch he putanga nui i roto i te umanga pūngao. Mā te whakarato i tētahi huarahi hou ki te penapena pūngao hou, ka taea e tēnei hangarau te āwhina i a tātou ki te neke atu i tō tātou whakawhirinaki ki ngā wahie pūmua me te anga atu ki tētahi heke mai pumau ake. Ahakoa he nui tonu ngā mahi hei mahi, he taahiraa whakahihiri tēnei putanga whakamua i roto i tā tātou rapunga mō te pūngao ma, matomato ake.