E ai ki tētahi pūrongo mai i te International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), tera pea ka taea e ngā pākahiko konutai-ion (SIB) te tuku i tētahi huarahi whakaiti utu whai hua ki ngā pākahiko lithium-ion (LIB).
"Ko te tari"Ngā Pūhiko Konutai-Ion: He whakarāpopototanga hangarau"E ai ki te pūrongo i tīmata te rongonui o ngā SIB i te tau 2021, i te tīmatanga o te pikinga o ngā utu o te lithium carbonate, engari i te mea kua heke ngā utu o te lithium, me kite tonu mēnā ka iti ake te utu o ngā SIB hei whakakapi mō ngā LIB i te wā roa."
Heoi anō, e kī ana te pūrongo, tera pea ka mau tonu te painga whakataetae o ngā pūtau SIB ki ngā pūtau LIB, me te matapae a ētahi kaihanga ka heke te utu o ngā pūtau SIB ki te $40/kWh ina piki ake te hanga.
He painga pea ngā SIB ki ngā LIB nā te nui me te wātea o te konutai, he rauemi he iti ake te utu i te lithium. E ai ki a IRENA ko te utu o te konutai kāponāte i waenga i te tau 2020 me te 2024 i waenga i te $100/tana me te $500/tana, ko te utu o te lithium kāponāte i roto i taua wā anō i waenga i te $6,000/tana me te $83,000/tana.
He tata ki te 1,000 ngā wā ka nui ake te konutai i te lithium i roto i te kirinuku o te Ao, ā, tata ki te 60,000 ngā wā ka nui ake i roto i ngā moana, ā, e kī ana a IRENA ka taea e ngā SIB te āwhina i te whakamama i ngā pēhanga mekameka tuku me te whakanui ake i te whenua pākahiko, inā koa i waenganui i te tipu haere o te whakatinanatanga o ngā waka hiko, e matapaetia ana ka kapi i te 90% o te kawe waka rori i te tau 2050.
I kī anō te tari kia whakamahia e ngā SIB ngā rauemi utu iti ake i roto i ā rātou hanganga, pērā i ngā rauemi katote iti ake te utu pērā i te konupūmā me te rino, me te whakamahi i ngā kaikohi konumohe hei utu mō ngā mea parahi i roto i ngā LIB.
E ai ki te pūrongo, he nui ake te kaha o ngā SIB ki te whakaiti i ngā utu i ngā LIB nā te mea kei te tīmatanga tonu te hangarau tae noa mai ki tēnei wā. E matapaetia ana ka eke te kaha whakaputa o ngā SIB ki te 70 GWh i tēnei tau, ko te nuinga kei Haina e arohia ana, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā matū paparanga o te waikura whakarewa.
Ahakoa e matapaetia ana ka piki te kaha whakaputa ki te 400 GWh ia tau i te mutunga o te tekau tau, e tohu ana a IRENA kei te noho tonu te koretake mō te urunga mai o ngā SIB ki te mākete ā-muri, me ngā matapae tono mai i ngā puna rerekē mai i te 50 GWh ki te 600 GWh ia tau i te mutunga o te tekau tau.
Haunga ngā waka hiko, e ai ki a IRENA he nui te pūmanawa mō ngā SIB i roto i te rokiroki pūngao tūmau, nui, nā te mea he āhuatanga haumaru pai ā rātou, he mahi pai puta noa i ngā momo pāmahana me te roanga o te ora whakataetae. Tērā pea ka whai wāhi nui ngā SIB i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana iti me te pāmahana teitei nā te mea he haumaru, ka taea e rātou te eke ki runga ake i ngā LIB.
E kī ana a IRENA ahakoa he nui te pūmanawa mō ngā SIB, kāore anō kia mārama te whakatinanatanga o te kaha ā muri ake nei, me ngā wero e pā ana ki te whakarite i te tono e rawaka ana me te mekameka tuku kaha. E whakanui ana hoki te tari kaua ngā SIB e tirohia hei whakakapinga katoa mō ngā LIB, engari hei hangarau tautoko hei āwhina i te whakamama i ētahi o ngā āwangawanga mō te pumau me te wātea e pā ana ki te mekameka tuku pākahiko.
"Ko te angitu roa o ngā SIB ka whakawhirinaki pea ki ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te utu me te wātea o ngā rauemi," te whakatau a te pūrongo. "Ko ngā aukati i roto i te mekameka tuku lithium, te korenga o te lithium, te utu nui ake rānei o te lithium, tera pea ka hua ake he reiti urunga teitei ake mō ngā SIB, ko te whakahekenga utu anō i roto i ngā LIB tera pea ka pā kino ki te tono mō ngā SIB."
Wā tuku: Hakihea-02-2025