Mu nthawi ya chitukuko chofulumira m'zaka za m'ma 2000, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mphamvu zosabwezeretsedwanso kwachititsa kusowa kwa mphamvu wamba monga mafuta, kukwera kwa mitengo, kuipitsa kwambiri chilengedwe, kutulutsa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide, kutentha kwa dziko lapansi ndi mavuto ena azachilengedwe. Pa Seputembala 22, 2020, dzikolo linapereka cholinga cha mpweya wa carbon ziwiri kuti lifike pachimake cha mpweya wa carbon pofika chaka cha 2030 komanso kusalowererapo kwa mpweya wa carbon pofika chaka cha 2060.
Mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi ya mphamvu yobiriwira yongowonjezedwanso, ndipo sipadzakhala kutopa kwa mphamvu. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, mphamvu ya dzuwa yomwe ikuwala pa Dziko Lapansi pano ndi yokulirapo nthawi 6,000 kuposa mphamvu yeniyeni yomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito, zomwe ndizokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito anthu. Pansi pa chilengedwe cha zaka za m'ma 2000, zinthu zosungira mphamvu ya dzuwa zapadenga la nyumba zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ubwino wake ndi uwu:
1, mphamvu ya dzuwa imafalikira kwambiri, bola ngati pali kuwala komwe kungapange mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu ya dzuwa ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala magetsi kudzera mu mphamvu ya dzuwa, osati chifukwa cha madera, kutalika ndi zinthu zina.
2, zinthu zosungira mphamvu zamagetsi za padenga la banja zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kupanga magetsi pafupi, popanda kufunikira kutumiza mphamvu yamagetsi kutali, kupewa kutayika kwa mphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutumiza mphamvu kutali, komanso kusungira mphamvu yamagetsi nthawi yake ku batri.
3, njira yosinthira mphamvu ya photovoltaic padenga ndi yosavuta, mphamvu ya photovoltaic padenga imachokera mwachindunji ku mphamvu ya kuwala kupita ku mphamvu yamagetsi, palibe njira yosinthira yapakatikati (monga kusintha mphamvu ya kutentha kukhala mphamvu yamakina, kusintha mphamvu yamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi zina zotero) ndi kayendedwe ka makina, ndiko kuti, palibe kuvala kwa makina ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, malinga ndi kusanthula kwa thermodynamic, mphamvu ya photovoltaic ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yopanga mphamvu, ikhoza kukhala yoposa 80%.
4, kupanga magetsi a photovoltaic padenga ndi koyera komanso kosamalira chilengedwe, chifukwa njira yopangira magetsi a photovoltaic padenga sigwiritsa ntchito mafuta, simatulutsa zinthu zilizonse kuphatikizapo mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ndi mpweya wina wotulutsa utsi, siipitsa mpweya, siipitsa phokoso, siipitsa kugwedezeka, siipitsa kuwala komwe kungawononge thanzi la anthu. Zachidziwikire, sikudzakhudzidwa ndi vuto la mphamvu ndi msika wamagetsi, ndipo ndi mphamvu yatsopano yongowonjezedwanso yobiriwira komanso yosamalira chilengedwe.
5, makina opangira magetsi a denga la photovoltaic ndi okhazikika komanso odalirika, ndipo moyo wa maselo a solar a silicon a crystalline ndi zaka 20-35. Mu makina opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, bola ngati kapangidwe kake kali koyenera ndipo kusankha ndikoyenera, moyo wake wautumiki ukhoza kufika zaka zoposa 30.
6. Mtengo wotsika wokonza, palibe munthu wapadera pa ntchito, palibe zida zotumizira makina, ntchito yosavuta komanso yokonza, ntchito yokhazikika, yotetezeka komanso yodalirika.
7, kukhazikitsa ndi mayendedwe ndi kosavuta, kapangidwe ka gawo la photovoltaic ndi kosavuta, kakang'ono kukula, kopepuka kulemera, nthawi yochepa yomanga, kosavuta mayendedwe mwachangu ndi kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza zolakwika m'malo osiyanasiyana.
8, kapangidwe ka makina osungira mphamvu modular, kasinthidwe kosinthasintha, kuyika kosavuta. Gawo lililonse la makina osungira mphamvu ndi 5kwh ndipo likhoza kukulitsidwa mpaka 30kwh.
9. Wanzeru, wochezeka, wotetezeka komanso wodalirika. Zipangizo zosungiramo mphamvu zili ndi zowunikira zanzeru (pulogalamu yowunikira ya APP yam'manja ndi mapulogalamu owunikira makompyuta) komanso nsanja yogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza patali kuti muwone momwe chipangizocho chikugwirira ntchito komanso zambiri zake nthawi iliyonse.
10, njira yoyendetsera chitetezo cha batri ya magawo ambiri, njira yotetezera mphezi, njira yotetezera moto ndi njira yoyendetsera kutentha kuti zitsimikizire kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito bwino, chitetezo chambiri chitetezo chambiri.
11, magetsi otsika mtengo. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa mfundo ya mitengo yamagetsi yogwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi, mtengo wamagetsi umagawidwa m'mitengo yamagetsi malinga ndi nthawi ya "peak, valley and flat", ndipo mtengo wonse wamagetsi ukuwonetsanso chizolowezi cha "kukwera kosalekeza komanso kukwera pang'onopang'ono". Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosungira mphamvu zamagetsi padenga sikukuvutitsidwa ndi kukwera kwa mitengo.
12, kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi. Chifukwa cha kukula kosalekeza kwa chuma cha mafakitale, komanso kutentha kwambiri, chilala ndi kusowa kwa madzi nthawi yachilimwe, kupanga magetsi m'madzi n'kovuta, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwawonjezeka, ndipo padzakhala kusowa kwa magetsi, kulephera kwa magetsi komanso kugawa magetsi m'malo ambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito makina osungira magetsi padenga sikudzapangitsa kuti magetsi azizimitsidwa, komanso sikudzakhudza ntchito ndi moyo wa anthu wamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-05-2023