Nkhani

Munthawi yachitukuko chofulumira m'zaka za zana la 21, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosasinthika kwadzetsa kusowa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi monga mafuta, kukwera kwamitengo, kuipitsidwa kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe, kutulutsa mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide, kutentha kwa dziko ndi mavuto ena a chilengedwe. Pa Seputembara 22, 2020, dzikolo lidaganiza zokhala ndi ma kaboni awiri ofikira pachimake pofika 2030 komanso kusalowerera ndale kwa kaboni pofika 2060.
Mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi ya mphamvu yobiriwira yowonjezereka, ndipo sipadzakhala kutha kwa mphamvu. Malinga ndi zomwe asayansi apeza, mphamvu yadzuwa yomwe ikuwalira pano padziko lapansi pano ndi yayikulu nthawi 6,000 kuposa mphamvu yeniyeni yomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito, yomwe ndi yokwanira kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito. M'zaka za m'ma 2100, zida zosungiramo mphamvu zadzuwa padenga zanyumba zidayamba kukhalapo. Ubwino wake ndi awa:
1, mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zimafalikira kwambiri, bola ngati pali kuwala kungapangitse mphamvu ya dzuwa, kupyolera mu mphamvu ya dzuwa ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala magetsi, osawerengeka ndi zigawo, kutalika ndi zina.

2, denga la banja photovoltaic mphamvu zosungiramo zinthu zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa kupanga magetsi pafupi, popanda kufunikira kwa kufalikira kwa mtunda wautali wa mphamvu yamagetsi, kupewa kutaya mphamvu chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mtunda wautali, ndi kusunga nthawi yake ya mphamvu yamagetsi ku batri.

3, ndondomeko kutembenuka kwa denga photovoltaic mphamvu m'badwo ndi losavuta, padenga photovoltaic mphamvu m'badwo mwachindunji kuchokera kuwala mphamvu magetsi kutembenuka mphamvu, palibe wapakatikati kutembenuka ndondomeko (monga matenthedwe mphamvu kutembenuka kwa mphamvu mawotchi, mphamvu mawotchi kutembenuka kwa mphamvu ya magetsi, etc.) ndi kayendedwe ka makina, ndiko kuti, palibe malinga ndi kuvala kwa mawotchi ndi kusanthula kwamphamvu kwa photovoltamoic Theoretical mphamvu yopanga mphamvu, imatha kukhala yopitilira 80%.

4, denga photovoltaic mphamvu m'badwo ndi woyera ndi wochezeka chilengedwe, chifukwa denga photovoltaic mphamvu m'badwo ndondomeko sagwiritsa ntchito mafuta, samatulutsa zinthu zilizonse kuphatikizapo mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ndi mpweya wina utsi, saipitsa mpweya, samatulutsa phokoso, samatulutsa kugwedezeka kuipitsidwa, samatulutsa poizoni wowononga thanzi la munthu. Zachidziwikire, sizingakhudzidwe ndi vuto lamagetsi komanso msika wamagetsi, ndipo ndi mphamvu yobiriwira yobiriwira komanso yosamalira zachilengedwe.

5, denga la photovoltaic power generation system ndilokhazikika komanso lodalirika, ndipo moyo wa crystalline silicon solar cell ndi zaka 20-35. Mu dongosolo la mphamvu ya photovoltaic, malinga ngati mapangidwewo ndi omveka ndipo kusankha kuli koyenera, moyo wake wautumiki ukhoza kufika zaka zoposa 30.

6. Mtengo wochepa wokonza, palibe munthu wapadera pa ntchito, palibe ziwalo zotumizira makina, ntchito yosavuta ndi kukonza, ntchito yokhazikika, yotetezeka komanso yodalirika.

7, kuyika ndi mayendedwe ndikosavuta, mawonekedwe a module a photovoltaic ndi osavuta, kukula kochepa, kulemera kwake, nthawi yayitali yomanga, yabwino kuyenda mwachangu ndikuyika ndikuwongolera malo osiyanasiyana.

8, kapangidwe kake ka makina osungira mphamvu, masinthidwe osinthika, kukhazikitsa kosavuta. Gawo lililonse lamagetsi osungira mphamvu ndi 5kwh ndipo limatha kukulitsidwa mpaka 30kwh.

9. Anzeru, ochezeka, otetezeka komanso odalirika. Zida zosungiramo mphamvu zimakhala ndi kuyang'anira mwanzeru (pulogalamu yowunikira APP ya foni yam'manja ndi pulogalamu yowunikira makompyuta) ndi ntchito yakutali ndi nsanja yokonza kuti muwone momwe ntchito ikugwirira ntchito ndi deta ya zipangizo nthawi iliyonse.

10, njira yoyendetsera chitetezo cha batri yamitundu yambiri, chitetezo cha mphezi, chitetezo chamoto ndi njira yoyendetsera kutentha kuonetsetsa kuti dongosololi likuyenda bwino, chitetezo chambiri.

11, magetsi otsika mtengo. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko ya mtengo wamagetsi panthawiyi, mtengo wamagetsi umagawidwa m'mitengo yamagetsi malinga ndi nthawi ya "nsonga, chigwa ndi chathyathyathya", ndipo mtengo wonse wamagetsi umasonyezanso chikhalidwe cha "kukwera kosasunthika ndikukwera pang'onopang'ono". Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa denga la photovoltaic mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu sikumavutitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo.

12, chepetsa mphamvu ya malire. Chifukwa cha kukula kosalekeza kwa chuma cha mafakitale, komanso kutentha kosalekeza, chilala ndi kusowa kwa madzi m'chilimwe, kupanga magetsi amadzi ndi kovuta, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi kwawonjezeka, ndipo padzakhala kusowa kwa magetsi, kulephera kwa magetsi ndi kugawanika kwa magetsi m'madera ambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito makina osungiramo magetsi a padenga la photovoltaic sikudzakhala ndi kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi, komanso sikungakhudze ntchito ndi moyo wa anthu wamba.