I-EU Itshintshela Ingqwalasela kwi-US LNG njengoko Ukuthengwa kweGesi yaseRashiya Kuncipha

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iManyano yaseYurophu ibisebenza ukwahlulahlula imithombo yayo yamandla nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwayo kwigesi yaseRashiya. Olu tshintsho kwisicwangciso luqhutywe zizinto ezininzi, kuquka inkxalabo malunga noxinzelelo lwezopolitiko kunye nomnqweno wokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Njengenxalenye yale mizamo, i-EU iqhubeka ijika iye eMelika ukuze ifumane igesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo (LNG).

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-LNG kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje, njengoko inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kwenze kwaba lula kwaye konga imali ukuthutha igesi kumgama omde. I-LNG yigesi yendalo epholileyo ukuya kwimeko yolwelo, nto leyo enciphisa umthamo wayo ngama-600. Oku kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuyithutha nokuyigcina, njengoko inokuthunyelwa kwiinqanawa ezinkulu kwaye igcinwe kwiinqanawa ezincinci.

Enye yezona nzuzo ziphambili ze-LNG kukuba ingafunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokungafaniyo negesi yemibhobho yendabuko, ethintelwe yijografi, i-LNG inokuveliswa naphi na kwaye ithunyelwe nakweyiphi na indawo enezibuko. Oku kwenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kumazwe afuna ukusasaza amandla awo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

KwiManyano yaseYurophu, utshintsho oluya kwi-US LNG lunefuthe elikhulu. Ngokwembali, iRashiya ibingumthengisi omkhulu wegesi yendalo kwi-EU, ibiza malunga ne-40% yazo zonke izinto ezingeniswayo kwamanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, inkxalabo malunga nempembelelo yezopolitiko nezoqoqosho yeRashiya ikhokelele amazwe amaninzi e-EU ukuba afune ezinye iindlela zokufumana igesi.

I-United States ivele njengomdlali ophambili kweli shishini, ngenxa yobuninzi begesi yendalo kunye nokukhula komthamo wayo wokuthumela ngaphandle i-LNG. Ngo-2020, i-US yayiyeyona nkampani yesithathu ngobukhulu yokuthumela i-LNG kwi-EU, emva kweQatar neRussia kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, oku kulindeleke ukuba kutshintshe kwiminyaka ezayo njengoko ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US kuqhubeka nokukhula.

Enye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela olu hlumo kukugqitywa kwezibonelelo ezintsha zokuthumela ngaphandle i-LNG eMelika Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izibonelelo ezintsha ezininzi ziye zangena kwi-intanethi, kuquka i-terminal yeSabine Pass eLouisiana kunye ne-terminal yeCove Point eMaryland. Ezi zibonelelo zinyuse kakhulu amandla okuthumela ngaphandle eMelika, okwenza kube lula kwiinkampani zaseMelika ukuthengisa i-LNG kwiimarike zaphesheya. 

Enye into eqhuba utshintsho oluya kwi-US LNG kukukhula kokhuphiswano lwamaxabiso egesi aseMelika. Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kubuchwepheshe bokugrumba, imveliso yegesi yendalo eMelika iye yanda kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nto leyo eyehlisa amaxabiso kwaye yenza igesi yaseMelika ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kubathengi bamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yoko, amazwe amaninzi e-EU ngoku aguqukela kwi-US LNG njengendlela yokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwawo kwigesi yaseRashiya ngelixa ekwafumana umbane othembekileyo ofikelelekayo.

Lilonke, ukutshintshela kwi-US LNG kubonisa utshintsho olukhulu kwimarike yamandla yehlabathi. Njengoko amazwe amaninzi eguqukela kwi-LNG njengendlela yokwahlukahlukana kwemithombo yawo yamandla, imfuno yale fuel isenokuqhubeka ikhula. Oku kunefuthe elibalulekileyo kubavelisi nakubathengi begesi yendalo, kunye noqoqosho olubanzi lwehlabathi.

Ukuqukumbela, nangona ukuthembela kweManyano yaseYurophu kwigesi yaseRashiya kusenokuncipha, imfuno yayo yamandla athembekileyo nafikelelekayo isaqhubeka inamandla njengangaphambili. Ngokujika i-US LNG, i-EU ithatha inyathelo elibalulekileyo lokwandisa umbane wayo nokuqinisekisa ukuba inokufikelela kumthombo wamandla othembekileyo kwiminyaka ezayo.